Euthanasia And Passive And Active Euthanasia - 1335 Words

Euthanasia, with a Greek origin meaning â€Å"good death† or â€Å"easy death,† has been a controversial topic for a fairly long time. In more lexical terms, euthanasia is known as the act of ending a life due to an incurable disease or a suffering that one should not bear. In this paper, I will be providing an in depth look of what passive and active euthanasia is. The lexical distinction between passive and euthanasia is one actively killing another, and the other being the act of allowing one to die. I will also be elaborately declaring how there is not a moral distinction between the two by relating to the views of James Rachels’ Active and Passive Euthanasia. After epitomizing Rachels’ argument, I will finally assess his final argument that we should change our policies around euthanasia and present many claims of why we should not do this. Given the definitional difference of passive and active euthanasia, in order to fully understand it I will give examples of the two. Active Euthanasia requires one to physically do something such as lethally injecting a patient or pulling the cord. On the other hand, passive euthanasia would be anything on the lines of depriving one of food, when already they had a terminal illness.The action of not giving food to the patient is not what killed them, but the terminal illness instead. Many medical professionals would look at most euthanasia cases as mercy killing, if and only if, it was to be considered active euthanasia. However, if we areShow MoreRelatedActive Euthanasia And Passive Euthanasia917 Words   |  4 Pages Active euthanasia Active euthanasia is also known as â€Å"assistant suicide.† Euthanasia is usually used for people suffering from terrible pain and incurable disease. Some people relate euthanasia to suicide. However, euthanasia is very different than suicide and taking someone off their life support. I believe active euthanasia is better than passive euthanasia and will demonstrate my opinions. The different between active euthanasia from passive euthanasia is let the patients less suffering, lessRead MoreActive and Passive Euthanasia1012 Words   |  5 PagesPHI 2630- Introduction to Ethics April 20, 2013 Active and Passive Euthanasia Most moral codes state that killing another human being is morally wrong. I would agree that to kill another human being in the heat of anger, for material gain or in the event of committing a crime would be morally wrong. But I feel that our moral codes are lacking in certain areas and do not take into account some situations where killing another human being would be morally acceptable. This type of killingRead MoreActive Euthanasia And Passive Euthanasia Essay2120 Words   |  9 Pages Active euthanasia is a subject that is raising a lot of concern in today’s society on whether or not it should be legalized and under what circumstances should it be allowed. This is a very tricky subject due to its ability to be misused and abused. There are a wide variety of things that need to be considered when it comes to who should be allowed to request active euthanasia such as, is it an autonomous choice, do they have a terminal illness, is their quality of life dramatically decre ased, andRead MoreEuthanasi Passive Euthanasia And Active Euthanasia Essay1927 Words   |  8 Pageschoosing euthanasia. The family or caregiver may pressure the patient into choosing euthanasia just so they could be relieved of the burden of caring for said patient. This may happen because the family or caregiver has had a lot of pressure put onto them. Financial burden being a leading factor. Although there is no data that completely verifies this possible problem, opponents argue that it can be a possible issue and that it should be addressed. (Ezekiel 637). There are two types of euthanasia. PassiveRead MoreActive and Passive Euthanasia1976 Words   |  8 PagesSection: Philosophy 1318 Article: â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia† by James Rachels Author’s Thesis: There is no principal difference between active euthanasia and passive euthanasia. Argument for Rachel’s Thesis: Active euthanasia is in many cases more humane than passive euthanasia. Intentions and actions are two separate ideas which cannot be compared. He also explains how inaction is still an action because there is a consequence. When performing euthanasia, no matter the intentions, someoneRead MoreEuthanasi Active And Passive Euthanasia1634 Words   |  7 Pagesof Alabama, wrote a paper called Active and Passive Euthanasia where he argues against the distinction between killing in letting die. He says that the distinction is made on morally irrelevant grounds. He says that the distinction between passive and active euthanasia should not be based on whether or not wanted more morally permissible then the other. To prove his point Rachel uses three dif-ferent examples, which included different circumstance where euthanasia is involved. He looks at each exampleRead MoreEuthanasi Active And Passive Euthanasia995 Words   |  4 Pagesabout euthanasia in such depth until this assignment. It isn’t something completely new to me because I have heard about it, it happens everywhere, even if you or I don’t see it. But, I never gathered my thoughts about such a serious topic. Reading such opinions from these authors made me find out more about this topic but I cannot say I have came to a clear and set decision or opinion about euthanasia. As James Rachels states, â€Å"I can understand why some people are opposed to all euthanasia, and insistRead MoreEuthanasi Active And Passive Euthanasia1562 Words   |  7 PagesEuthanasia, also known as voluntary or assisted suicide, is used for terminally ill patients to end their lives instead of undergoing painful treatments and torment of waiting for death. There are, however, two different ways in which A can bring about B’s death. In this essay I will present the distinction between active and passive euthanasia as explained by James Rachels in his article called â€Å" Active and Passive Euthanasia†. I will also debate whether euthanasia is justified or not by presentingRead MoreActive And Passive Euthanasia Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pages Rachels and Brock In â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia† Rachels demonstrates the similarities between passive and active euthanasia. He claims that if one is permissible, than the other must also be accessible to a patient who prefers that particular fate. Rachels spends the majority of the article arguing against the recommendations of the AMA. The AMA proposes that active euthanasia contradicts what the medical profession stands for. The AMA thinks that ending a person’s life is ethically wrongRead MoreThe Argument Of Active And Passive Euthanasia1240 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle, Active and Passive Euthanasia,† In his article Rachel’s argues that both passive and active euthanasia are morally permissible and the doctors that is supported by the American Medical Association(AMA) is believed to be unsound. In this paper I will offer a thorough analysis of Rachel’s essay then so offer a critique in opposition of his arguments. In conclusion I will refute these op positions claims by defending Rachel’s argument, and showing why I believe his claims that both active and passive

Sex Workers the Legalization of Prostitution Free Essays

Iya Clarke Mrs. Peacock 4 December Sex Workers: The Legalization of Prostitution Prostitution, one of the most controversial jobs created, is often revered as one of the lowest jobs of the career totem pole. Sex workers are counted out and their voices are rarely, if ever, listened to, but no longer should sex workers be ignored. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex Workers: the Legalization of Prostitution or any similar topic only for you Order Now They are people too and have a lot to offer the America. Other countries have legalized prostitution and it has simply become a part of the culture, no longer looked down upon. Perhaps, the U. S. hould revisit the job of sex working, and if stigmas and judgments about the field were removed and prostitution was viewed with unbiased eyes, then the positive aspects of legalization could be considered. Sex is simply another commodity that can be bought and sold, just like anything else that is traded, and should be treated as such. With certain restrictions, if brothels were designated for certain places, had their own district outside the major cities, it could help uplift a forgotten community. With certain regulations and laws put in place, not only sex workers, but society as large can benefit. Sex workers are not hurting anyone and should be allowed to do what they love. the Declaration of Independence it clearly states that, â€Å"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. † So if sex workers are happy doing their job then who is the government to try and outlaw it? Prostituting is their way of gaining life, liberty and it is their personal way of pursing happiness. If sex workers are doing what they love, not hurting anyone, and prostituting in a safe manner then the only ethical thing to do is to legalize it. But the only reason this will not happen is because of the negative stigma attached to it. Legalizing prostitution would normalize it and the mystery about sex workers would quickly dissipate. But if it became just a regular job then a lot of the taboo allure about it would be lost. After a certain amount of time most Americans would become indifferent to the issue, similar to how the Dutch now view prostitution. According to Melanie Abrams of History Today, â€Å"research has shown that 74 per cent of the Dutch population regards prostitution as an acceptable job and prostitution has been legal in the Netherlands since 2000. † If prostitution is normalized than stereotypes and judgments will decrease about the workers, making them feel less ostracized from society and help to create a richer place with diverse groups of people. The United States claims to be an accepting place, a â€Å"melting pot,† of all kinds of people with different ideas and lifestyles, so why sex workers be put on the outskirts of society? So many of sex workers are taken advantage of and abused physically, but if prostitution was legalized than not as many woman would be injured. Everyday sex workers are beaten and abused, and the intuition who is supposed to be stopping this type of behavior, the police, is often a main perpetrator of it. The police use the power in their job title to coerce the women into illicit sexual acts so that they aren’t arrested and taken to jail. Sex workers live in fear of the possible threats from their customers and threats from the governing force, the police. Legalizing prostitution would help to eliminate abuse from both of these groups because prostitution would be seen as a legitimate job. Just as other jobs have laws to ensure the protection of them, sex workers would be granted the same rights. The workers would be able to stand up for themselves and not be afraid to call out the people who take advantage of them. Also, the countless tax dollars spent on picking up sex workers and holding them in jail could be used for something more useful. Because honestly, if a sex worker really enjoys their job, they are just going to go back out on the streets. This will only encourage a viscous cycle, that will never ever stop, and simply waste money that needs to be used in something more important. The spread of STDs, if prostitution was legalized, would decrease, due to mandatory testing. One of the greatest fears about sex workers is that the spread a large number of diseases to their customers because they do not have to use protection. But if prostitution was legalized then a system could be set up to curb the spread of STDs and STIs. The workers would have to be checked periodically to insure the spread of diseases decreased, as opposed to workers who do not have to follow any rules, because they are participating in an illegal business. In parts of Australia, where prostitution is legal, sex workers â€Å"undergo regular examinations for STIs. If these tests are not done, the brothel will not permit the sex worker to work,† and in Queensland, Australia, â€Å"sex workers in brothels are required to wear a prophylactic during any type of sexual activity. As a result, Australian sex workers now have a very low incidence of STI’s. † With many jobs people have to go undergo certain requirements whether it is periodically drug testing, or getting a background check. Prostitute are going to do their job, legal or not, so imposing a way for it to be done in healthy manner, can only be for the better and help to curb the spread of unwanted STDs and STIs. If prostitutes became a legal then sex worker s could help the economy. Just as with any other job, prostitutes would become a part of the tax paying population. Rather than making all the money under the table, which is what they do now, sex workers could help the Unites States out of the economic downturn of the past few years. They could play a vital part in helping to alleviate the billions of debt that the United States is in imagine the millions of unpaid tax dollars that is being overlooked annually because prostitution is not considered a â€Å"real job. † Finally, the United States need to understand that prostitution is as a real of a job as any and rid themselves of the judgments that have been in the culture for years. Yes, some of the workers are coerced into selling themselves on the street, but there is also a percentage of the woman enjoy the work. Some women enjoy the thrill, or simply enjoy having sex. It is their body, so who is the government to tell them what to do with it; what not to do with it? If the government was able to see past these judgments then America would be a better place for it. The spread of unwanted STIs and STDs would lessen within this field, millions; possibly billions of dollars could be made by taxing the work. And the great melting pot, which is spoken so fondly of, would become even more diverse and accepting of people. In addition, there is no legal reason for it not to be legalized. Most of the reasons for why prostituting is illegal has to deal with morals. But if people do not like the idea of sex work, then they do not have to participate in it, but ultimately it is not their decision to make. If the sex workers are of the legal age, have made this decision on their own, without being forced or coerced, then they should be able to do what makes them happy. That’s all most people search for, the thing that makes them happy, so everyone should be able to experience that without being treated terribly and dealing with the constant oppression from the society from which they live in. Works Cited Abrams, Melanie. â€Å"City Of (Red) Lights. † History Today 59. 11 (2009): 6-7. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Dec. 2011. Sullivan, Barbara. â€Å"When (Some) Prostitution Is Legal: The Impact Of Law Reform On Sex Work In Australia. † Journal Of Law Society 37. 1 (2010): 85-104. Sociological Collection. Web. 5 Dec. 2011. How to cite Sex Workers: the Legalization of Prostitution, Papers

Understanding Marketing Practices and Finance Practices

Question: Describe about understanding marketing practices and finance practice? Answer: Introduction The essay will identify the discussion on theoretical perspectives of business as well as organizational studies. It will focus on different marketing as well as finance practices. The paper will relate to both the practice for addressing the different processes successfully. Accounting is not a difficult science and it is strictly dependent on the forms of trade in the globe. It is the art of storing, summarizing and classifying the matter with respect to money. The history of accounting is based on the existing and future practices. Thus the accounting practices were book keeping. Book keeping results with the need of ancient traders developed from advanced trading practices to deal with the costs as well as incomes. Marketing is a process that involves the pricing, promotion and other attributes. All of the important activities should work together to assure successful marketing. It should offer the products and services to meet the needs of the customer. To meet the customer needs are likely to be successful in marketing. By meeting the customer needs successfully, the company can identify the target market and also gather the input from market research. With the right pricing strategy, business can look for market effectiveness. Business is dependent on one on one interactions and customers feedback. It should decide whether to deal the products in high volume at low prices or at higher prices but low volume. Consumers are aware of the fact that access should be in accordance with the suitable location, convenience etc. The business is dependent on the effective promotion and it should meet the desirable goals and objectives to deal with the correct place and time. Careful selections are made with the proper communication methods and tools to reach the target audience. Business could identify the market segments with the use of appropriate and best channels of communication to a target audience. Products promotion is based on the accurate information and also it helps the consumers to deal with the success. Marketing practices are based on the fact that the consumers should achieve the products with respect to best quality products and services. The marketer is required to provide the correct and the complete information to the customers. This will gain increase in the customers for long term and the marketer will be able to generate long term goals with quality. This way, marketing practices help the marketer as well as the customer to deal with the products and services successfully for long term. It also helps the company to increase the sales and productivity. (Slater, 2000) Discussion Theories on finance practices Numerous studies demonstrated the financial practices of firms all over the world. It has been found that the number of large companies who used new and modern techniques to evaluate the capital investment has increased over the years. (Berg, 2008) Dividend policy The dividend decision is based on the determination of the companys earnings to be paid within the organization for further expansion. The finance manager is to deal with the maximum profit of an organization. This involves the investors to deal with the dividend payments that increase to an additional liability of taxes. Theories on dividend policy As per the research and evidence, high dividends increases exchange value theory and it increases the difficulty of the dividend puzzle. Dividends are irrelevant with regards to the distribution of income and the policy of dividend payout follows neither the current price nor the shares. Taxes also impact the demand for dividends. (Jacoby and Kyner, 1973) Accounting theory This theory is the simplest form of explanation that can be called as generalization of data into meaningful sense. It is supposed to be known with the set of values and beliefs. Webster defined this theory as a systematic statement of principles and it also offers much detailed description. Thus it also handles the future changes. This theory can also be applied to practical areas of interest in a more professional approach. (Albert, 2008) The descriptive approach theories are developed with respect to the accountants and it also leads to positive approaches. This theory is concerned with the practices of existing accountants and it deals with the great interest in behavioral research in accounting during the 1970s. The empirical theory forms an increase in empirical evidence in accounting. The major objective of this research was to deal with the reliable outcomes and focus on positive decision making. The other theory i.e. normative theory concentrates on decision models that could be chosen by the decision makers in terms of logical decisions. The normative theory is very important in developing new accounting practices and it might change the practices in the future. (McAlexander, Kim and Roberts, 2003) Theories on marketing practices Marketing is a mix of important activities that affects the products and services. To elaborate, marketing is a function that undertakes to create, deliver and communicate with respect to values to the consumers. Marketing is dependent on different goals and objectives of the organization. The involvement of marketing to the success of the business cannot be ignored. A company which develops excellent product does not spread product awareness is always at a loss. Due to intense competition in the market, organization is different from the one offered by other organization. The organizations growth is the biggest challenges faced by an organization are numerous. The demographic of the market influence the strategy of the marketing of an organization. Secondly, the competitors operate in the target market that influences the marketing plan. Therefore, a different marketing strategy is needed for every place the government has implemented a new regulation. (Fournier and Yao, 1997) Theories of marketing Marketing mix comprises the elements of marketing and it promotes the product with respect to potential customers. The elements of marketing mix comprises of marketing 5Ps. The 5Ps depend on product, place, promotion, and place and market segmentation can be done in different forms. It is reviewed periodically by the businesses and it meets their needs. (Jeuland, 1979) Efficiency is marketing that can be achieved with the focus on the increase of competitive advantage. References 1. Albert, N. (2008). 'When consumer love their brands: Exploring the concept and its dimensions'. Journal of Business Research, 61, 1062-1075.2. Berg, L. (2008). 'Loyalty, Naively, and Powerlessness among Norwegian Retail Bank Customer'. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 32, 222-232.3. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2007. Business Research Methods. 2nd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press4. Fournier, S. and Yao, J.L. (1997). 'Reviving Brand Loyalty: A Reconceptualization within the Framework of Comsumer-Brand Relationship'. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 14, 451-472.5. Jacoby, J. and Kyner, D.B. (1973), 'Brand Loyalty Versus Repeating Purchasing'. Journal of marketing research, 10, 1-96. Jeuland, A.P. (1979). 'Brand Choice Inertia as One Aspect of the Notion of Brand Loyalty'. Management Science, 25(7), 671-678.7. McAlexander, J.H., Kim, S.K. and Roberts, S.D. (2003). 'Loyalty: the Influences of Satisfaction and Brand Community Integration'. Journal of Marketing T heory and Practice, Fall 2003, 1-8.8. Slater, J.S. (2000). 'Collecting the Real Thing: A Case Study Exploration of Brand Loyalty Enhancement Among Coca-Cola Brand Collectors'. Advances in Consumer Research, 27, 202-207